Cigarette
Cigarette smoking is the most common form of tobacco
consumption. Because of the curing process, the smoke is mild
enough to inhale in overdose quantities, unlike cigar or pipe
tobacco. Cigarettes also contain a number of additives,
particularly to enhance taste. "Roll ups" are also very popular,
particularly in European countries; these are prepared from
loose tobacco, cigarette papers and filters all bought
separately. Cigarettes are smoked by some with a cigarette
holder.
Cigar
A cigar is generally puffed, not inhaled. Cigars come in many
shapes and sizes, the most common being the "Corona",
"Cigarillo", and "Robusto". The tobacco used is grown throughout
the Caribbean in places such as the Dominican Republic,
Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, and Cuba. Cigars generally come
available in 2 categories in reference to color, "Natural" and "Maduro".
"Natural" shades are ones that do not undergo a further
fermenting process, unlike "Maduro" which in it's construction
involves a further fermenting process to darken and strengthen
(in taste) the leaf.
Pipe
A pipe for smoking typically consists of a small chamber (bowl)
for combustion of the substance to be smoked and a thin stem
(shank) that ends in a mouthpiece (also called a bit). Pipes are
made from a variety of materials (some obscure): briar, corncob,
meerschaum, clay, wood, glass, gourd, bamboo, and various other
materials, such as metal. Tobacco used for smoking pipes is
often chemically treated to change smell and taste not available
in other commercial tobacco products. Many of these are mixtures
using staple ingredients of variously cured Burley and Virginia
tobaccos which are mixed with tobaccos from different areas,
such as Oriental or Balkan locations. Latakia (a fire-cured
tobacco of Cypriot or Syrian origin), Perique (only grown in St.
James Parish, Louisiana) or combinations of Virginia and Burley
tobaccos of African, Indian, or South American origins.
Traditionally, many U.S. tobaccos are made of American Burley
with artificial sweeteners and flavorings added to create an
artificial "aromatic" smell, whereas "English" blends are based
on natural Virginia tobaccos enhanced with Oriental and other
natural tobaccos. There is a growing tendency towards "natural"
tobaccos which derive their aromas from blending with spice
tobaccos alone and historically-based curing processes.
Pipes can range from the simple machine-made briar pipe to
handmade and artful implements created by pipe-makers which can
be expensive collector's items. The popularity of pipe smoking
in Western countries has declined in recent years under the
onslaught of cigarette advertising. However, it has also enjoyed
a resurgence of late among younger and middle aged smokers who
find its contemplative nature and age-transcendent status as
"hobby not habit" to be both thoroughly enjoyable and
stress-relieving. As many pipe-smokers say, "We don't inhale."
Hookah
A hookah (or sheesha) is a type of traditional Middle Eastern
and South Asian water pipe, which operates by water-filtration
and indirect heat. Hookahs are most popular in the Middle East,
but form a niche market in many other places. In other contexts,
hookahs are used to smoke cannabis, hashish or opium.
Typically, tobacco is smoked from a hookah by placing richly
flavored tobaccos in the smoking bowl, covering it with foil,
and placing a coal on top of the foil. This keeps the tobacco
from burning, and allows it to bake. The resulting vapors are
further cooled by the hookah water and filtered by a bubbling
action in the basin of the hookah , resulting in a moist, warm
smoke with very few dangerous chemicals that are found by
burning the tobacco. The Al-Waha, Al Fakher, and Nakhla tobacco
companies compete for market share in the Middle East by
producing increasingly luxurious flavored tobaccos for use in
the hookah. Some flavors include the traditional apple, grape,
double apple, orange, strawberry, cherry, mango, vanilla, and
melon flavors; as well as more modern flavors of cola, coconut,
cappuccino, and banana milk.
Establishing a link between smoking and health effects >>
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Tobacco smoking
Methods of smoking
Health effects
1.
Establishing a link between smoking and health effects
2. Health risks of smoking
2.1 Carcinogenicity
2.2 Effects on the heart
2.3 Smoker's attitudes
3. Passive smoking
4. Somatic and psychological effects
5. Mood and anxiety disorders
6. Health benefits of smoking
Effects of the habit and
industry on society
1. Effect on healthcare costs
2. Tobacco and other drugs
3. Advertising
4. Peer pressure
5. Parental smoking
6. Smoking in movies and television
7. The use of smoking to project an image
Religious views
on smoking Smoking cessation
Legal issues and
regulation
1. Age restrictions
2. Taxation
3. Restrictions on cigarette advertising
4. Package warnings
5. Smoking bans
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